How to Send an Email¶

Sending emails is a classic task for any web application and one that has special complications and potential pitfalls. Instead of recreating the wheel, one solution to send emails is to use the SwiftmailerBundle, which leverages the power of the Swift Mailer library. This bundle comes with the Symfony Standard Edition.

Configuration¶

To use Swift Mailer, you’ll need to configure it for your mail server.

小技巧

Instead of setting up/using your own mail server, you may want to use a hosted mail provider such as Mandrill, SendGrid, Amazon SES or others. These give you an SMTP server, username and password (sometimes called keys) that can be used with the Swift Mailer configuration.

In a standard Symfony installation, some swiftmailer configuration is already included:

YAML

# app/config/config.yml
swiftmailer:
    transport: "%mailer_transport%"
    host:      "%mailer_host%"
    username:  "%mailer_user%"
    password:  "%mailer_password%"

XML

<!-- app/config/config.xml -->

<!--
    xmlns:swiftmailer="http://symfony.com/schema/dic/swiftmailer"
    http://symfony.com/schema/dic/swiftmailer http://symfony.com/schema/dic/swiftmailer/swiftmailer-1.0.xsd
-->

<swiftmailer:config
    transport="%mailer_transport%"
    host="%mailer_host%"
    username="%mailer_user%"
    password="%mailer_password%" />

PHP

// app/config/config.php
$container->loadFromExtension('swiftmailer', array(
    'transport'  => "%mailer_transport%",
    'host'       => "%mailer_host%",
    'username'   => "%mailer_user%",
    'password'   => "%mailer_password%",
));

These values (e.g. %mailer_transport%), are reading from the parameters that are set in the parameters.yml file. You can modify the values in that file, or set the values directly here.

The following configuration attributes are available:

transport (smtp, mail, sendmail, or gmail)
username
password
host
port
encryption (tls, or ssl)
auth_mode (plain, login, or cram-md5)
spool
- type (how to queue the messages, file or memory is supported, see How to Spool Emails)
- path (where to store the messages)
delivery_address (an email address where to send ALL emails)
disable_delivery (set to true to disable delivery completely)

Sending Emails¶

The Swift Mailer library works by creating, configuring and then sending Swift_Message objects. The “mailer” is responsible for the actual delivery of the message and is accessible via the mailer service. Overall, sending an email is pretty straightforward:

public function indexAction($name)
{
    $mailer = $this->get('mailer');
    $message = $mailer->createMessage()
        ->setSubject('You have Completed Registration!')
        ->setFrom('send@example.com')
        ->setTo('recipient@example.com')
        ->setBody(
            $this->renderView(
                // app/Resources/views/Emails/registration.html.twig
                'Emails/registration.html.twig',
                array('name' => $name)
            ),
            'text/html'
        )
        /*
         * If you also want to include a plaintext version of the message
        ->addPart(
            $this->renderView(
                'Emails/registration.txt.twig',
                array('name' => $name)
            ),
            'text/plain'
        )
        */
    ;
    $mailer->send($message);

    return $this->render(...);
}

To keep things decoupled, the email body has been stored in a template and rendered with the renderView() method.

The $message object supports many more options, such as including attachments, adding HTML content, and much more. Fortunately, Swift Mailer covers the topic of Creating Messages in great detail in its documentation.

小技巧

Several other cookbook articles are available related to sending emails in Symfony: